Mamuju City Development and Its Hinterland

This study is aimedto explore the potential relation between Mamuju City and its hinterlands to improve their economies. Quantitative data is obtained from some publications from Indonesian government. This research uses LQ method to analyze economic basic sectors. Analysis of economic relation between hinterlands and the city is explained by a descriptive statistic. This research finds that several sectors can be expanded to improve Mamuju City’s regional economy.


Introduction
Mamuju Regency is the capital of West Sulawesi Province which located at the eastern region of Indonesia. West Sulawesi is one of the newest provinces in Indonesia which was emerged in the period of Indonesian regional autonomy system after a reform on Indonesian bureaucratic system in the middle of 1998. The emerging of West Sulawesi Province would be a solution to reduce development gap in the northwest area of South Sulawesi Province, the parent region. West Sulawesi Province has supported various economic growth programs, but its per capita income is still below the average of Indonesian per capita income. A strategic role of Mamuju Regency, to promote a faster growth of its hinterland regencies,can be a relevant solution to increase the provincial income.
This study is aimed to examinea role ofMamuju Regencyto promote growths of its hinterlands. That role can be shown by identifying several sectors in hinterlands of Mamuju Regency which contributions are lower than those at the provincial level. Increasing contributionsmay increase growths of Mamuju Regency's hinterlands. The most important perspective for the growth of an area in a trade system is a regional perspective of an area development. By improving an intersector relation, an area can promote its role as a center of trading activities where others surrounded relate their economic activities. Berliant (2005) defines a central place is the top of hierarchical coordination of a marketplace interm of spatial analysis. Currently, a development of hinterland regions hasbecome an important perspective in a development of a central area. Welman, et al (2016) points out that poverty reduction and employment creation programs in hinterlands can be promoted by a port development in a central area. OECD (2008) states that ports have a role as supply chains to hinterlands. Visser, et al (2007) points out a developmentof hinterlands surrounded a port city.

2Research Methodology
Location Quotient or LQ is a method to measure a contribution of aSector 13 in a local area to a whole region. Hanif, et al (2015) states that LQ can be used to expose disparities in a region. Ascani, et al (2012) states that LQ can be used to expose spatial inequalities. Srotebeck (2010) points out that LQ can be used toidentify area clusters. LQ is used in my research to measure a value which shows a contribution of a local Gross ISSN:00333077 367 www.psychologyandeducation.net Domestic Regional Product (or GDRP) to its region. LQ = (x_ i /x_ j )⁄(X_ i /X_ j ) where, x_ i = a GDRP of a sector in a local area x_ j = a total GDRP of a sector in a local area X_ j = a GDRP of a sector in a regional area X_ j = a total GDRP of a sector in a regional area A basic sectoris defined as anLQ's value which equal or higher than 1, otherwise is defined as a non-basic sector. The basic sector can be defined as a more rapid growth sector than the non-basic one. Based on economic sectors categorized by Indonesian Bureau of Statistics, we define sectors as follows.
 Sector 1 is the agriculture,  Sector 2 is the mining,  Sector 3 is manufactured industry,  Sector 4 is power and electricity,  Sector 5 is water and sewages,  Sector 6 is constructions,  Sector 7 istrade and retails,  Sector 8 is transportation and warehousing,  Sector 9 is hotel and restaurants,  Sector 10 is information and communication,  Sector 11 is finance and insurance,  Sector 12 is real estates,  Sector 13 is business services,  Sector 14 is government, defense and social security,  Sector 15 is the education,  Sector 16 is health and social activities,  Sector 17 is ungrouped services.

3Result and Discussion
The total GDRP of Mamuju Regency has reached Rp 10,051.75 billion along with a A GDRP distribution can be also presented by main groups of economic sectors. The primary sector has contributed 39.57percent on average, from the total GDRP. The secondary sector has contributed 16.38 per cent. Tertiary sector has contributed 44.05 per cent. The most important sector in Mamuju is the tertiary one. GDRP distributions by main groups of economic sectorsduring 2010 to 2017are presented in Table  2.  Table 3 shows the results of LQ calculations on GDRP of Mamuju Regency in the period 2010-2017. From the table, we can calculate averageLQ values for each economic sector described as follows.The LQ value of Sector 1 is 0.87 and it is defined as a non-basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 2 is 1.50 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 3is 0.35 and it is defined as a non-basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 4 is 1.27and it is defined as a basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 5 is 2.25and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of construction sector 6 is 1.26and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 7 is 1.01and it is defined as a basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 8 is 1.32and it is defined as a basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 9 is1.12 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 10 is 1.69 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 11 is 1.31 and it is defined as a basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 12 is 0.80 and it is defined as a non-basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 13 is 1.21 and it is defined as a basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 14 is 1.47and it is defined as a basic sector.The LQ value of Sector 15 is 1.03 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 16 is 1.06 it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 17 is 1.53 it is defined as a basic sector. www.psychologyandeducation.net is 0.88 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 7 is 1.06 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 8 is 1.20 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 9 is 1.21 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 10 is 1.24 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 11 is 1.64 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 12 is 1.27 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 13 is 0.67 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 14 is 1.37 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 15 is 1.75 it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 16 is 0.71 it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 17 is 1.75 it is defined as a basic sector.     Table 6 shows the results of LQ calculations on GDRP of Pasangkayu Regency in the period 2010-2017. From the table, we can calculate average LQ values for each economic sector described as follows. The LQ value of Sector 1 is 1.11 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 2 is 0.47 and it is defined as a nonbasic sector. The LQ value of Sector 3 is 2.58 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 4 is 0.56 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 5 is 0.05 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of construction sector is 1.04 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 7 is 0.47 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 8 is 0.98 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 9 is 0.55 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 10 is 0.29 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 11 is0.29 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 12 is 0.48 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 13 is 0.83 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 14 is 0.52 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 15 is 0.56 it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 16 is 1.00 it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 17 is 0.26 it is defined as a non-basic sector.   Table 7 shows the results of LQ calculations on GDRP of Central Mamuju Regency in the period 2010-2017. From the table, we can calculate average LQ values for each economic sector described as follows. The LQ value of Sector 1 is 1.70 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 2 is 0.55 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 3 is 0.91 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 4 is 0.35 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 5 is 0.38 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of construction sector is 0.17 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 7 is 0.45 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 8 is 0.43 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 9 is 0.83 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 10 is 0.26 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 11 is0.40 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 12 is 1.26 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 13 is 0.19 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 14 is 0.32 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 15 is 0.71 it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 16 is 0.15 it is defined as a nonbasic sector. The LQ value of Sector 17 is 0.11 it is defined as a non-basic sector. Table 7 Table 8 shows the results of LQ calculations on GDRP of Mamasa Regency in the period 2010-2017. From the table, we can calculate average LQ values for each economic sector described as follows. The LQ value of Sector 1 is 0.82 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 2 is 0.95 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 3 is 0.52 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 4 is 0.49 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 5 is 0.66 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of construction sector is 0.99 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 7 is 1.09 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 8 is 0.73 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 9 is 1.47 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 10 is 0.82 and it is defined as a non-basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 11 is 1.07 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 12 is 1.66 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 13 is 1.10 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 14 is 1.72 and it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 15 is 1.93 it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 16 is 1.34 it is defined as a basic sector. The LQ value of Sector 17 is 0.59 it is defined as a non-basic sector. Mamuju Regecy can support economy of PasangkayuRegency by supplying products of mining, power and electricity, water and sewages, trade and retails, transportation and warehousing, hotel and restaurants, information and communication, finance and insurance, business services, government, defense and social security, education and ungrouped services. On the other hand, businessmen in Pasangkayu Regency can expand their activities on agricultureand manufactured industries in Mamuju Regency.
Mamuju Regecy can support economy of Central Mamuju Regency by supplying products of mining, power and electricity, water and sewages, construction, trade and retails, transportation and warehousing, hotel and restaurants, information and communication, finance and insurance, business services, government, defense and social security, education, health and social activities and ungrouped services. On the other hand, businessmen in Central Mamuju Regency can expand their activities on agriculture and real estates in Mamuju Regency.
Mamuju Regecy can support economy of Mamasa Regency by supplying products of mining, power and electricity, water and sewage, construction, transportation and warehousing, information and communication and ungrouped services. On the other hand, businessmen in Mamasa Regency can expand their activities on real estates in Mamuju Regency.

4Conclusion
Mamuju Regency has many opportunities to expand its growth by establishing a mutual relationship with its hinterlands. Businessmen in Mamuju Regency can increase its production to supply other regencies on water and sewagessector along with other sectors such as construction, business services, health and social activities, transportation and warehousing, government, defense and social security, education, mining, power and electricity, trade and retails, hotel and restaurants, information and communication, finance and insurance and ungrouped services. Businessmen in other regencies can expand their production to supply Mamuju Regency with products from real estate, agriculture and manufactured industries.