A Study of Effect of Educational Intervention Based on PRECEDE-PROCEED Model on Diabetes and Blood Pressure Preventive Behaviors in Patients Referred to Selected Comprehensive Health Centers

Abstract

Introduction: Today, chronic non-communicable diseases such as blood pressure and diabetes mellitus are considered among the most important causes of health problems and mortality round the globe. The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is known as a suitable method for preventing high-risk behaviors in individuals. The present study is an attempt to determine the effect of the educational intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on the diabetes and blood pressure preventive behaviors in patients referred to the selected comprehensive health centers in Shiraz City.

Method: This study was conducted as a clinical trial with intervention and control groups (pre-test and post-test) from the second half of 2019 to the first half of 2020. First, 4 comprehensive health centers were selected using the cluster sampling technique and then 2 centers were selected as the intervention group and 2 centers were selected as the control group using the simple random sampling technique. In each center, 30 individuals (a total of 120) were included in the study using the purposive sampling technique. The intervention group received three 45-minute training sessions once a week within three consecutive weeks. Data was collected using a questionnaire completed three times before, after, and one month after the educational intervention by both the intervention and control groups. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 22.

Findings: Most of the participants in this study were female (57.8%) and married (94.2%), and had an education level below high school diploma (70.0%), and all of them lived in the city. The results also indicated that the mean scores of the participants after the intervention in all dimensions except for the attitude dimension were significantly improved after the intervention, showing the effect of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. There was also no statistically significant relationship between the demographic variables and dimensions of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model (p<0.05).

Conclusion: In sum, the results of this study indicated that the use of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model positively affects the diabetes and blood pressure preventive behaviors. The PRECEDE-PROCEED model in this study improved all components except for the attitude dimension. Given the great effect of this model on the diabetes and blood pressure preventive behaviors, it is suggested to use this program in the long run through the face-to-face and virtual training methods for the individuals at risk.