THE HISTORY OF THE ART BAKHSHI

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SabirovaNasibaErgashevna

Abstract

This article deals with the first sources and stages of development of the art of Khorezm bakhshi(BAKHSHI is a folk singer, performer of folklore among the Turkic peoples of Central Asia, usually performs at holidays), its peculiarities, schools of epic poetry, storytelling and its impact on oral performance, teacher-disciple traditions of baxshi khalfa, epic traditions of the region. The article also provides scientific information about the ancient roots of the art of bakhshi. The gift of talent and understanding to the bakhshis in their dreams is in fact a continuation of the traditions of the shamanic period. In Khorezm, the function of shamanism has recently been performed by purkhans(medicaster). The call to evil comes first in the afternoon. In a dream, a person is presented with shamanic tools – a circle, a whip. In turn, he was awarded the profession of doctor and interpreter. The fact that shamanism is a divine profession, the fact that it is a gift to some people in a dream, L.P. Potapov, who came to Khorezm in the 30 years of the last century. It is also noted in L.Potapov's research. The connection of words and masters of words with the ancient shamans, healers, magicians is especially illustrated in the works of Tura Mirzaev. According to him, Egamberdi Allamurod oglu (1895-1972), a representative of the Kurgan School of Poetry, combined the role of a baxshi with the profession of a "neighbor". He "cured" some patients using various methods and practiced magic. Even the son of the well-known bakhshi Ergash Jumanbulbul acted as a "neighbor" when he visited some villages. If we look at the ancient roots of each profession, its combined-syncretic essence becomes clear. Because in primitive society, all the complex tasks were entrusted to intelligent, intelligent, talented, capable people. This category of people was naturally rare. It is for this reason that the common people have deified such persons and concluded that the qualities of wisdom in them are divinely given. At the heart of the above-mentioned myths and legends about such people is the same phenomenon. According to Tura Mirzaev, there are different views on the basis of the term "bakhshi", and there are many synonymous expressions. Bakhshi is a creator and at the same time preserves epic traditions and transmits them to future generations. The art of Bakhshi is highly respected by the people. For this reason, the proverb "Bakhshili aul is brave, mullah aul is cowardly" is widespread. The power of memory and memorization of bakhshis has always been deified. The great Uzbek writer, academician Musa Tashmuhammad oglu Oybek writes about his personality: “Before the emergence of advanced written literature, the peoples of Central Asia created rich and colorful folklore works – songs, fairy tales and epics in their native language. At weddings, festivals, celebrations and moving to new places, the pleasant voices of folk singers-bakhshis, the sounds of kobis and drums resounded. Bakhshis sang in high spirits the hard work of ordinary workers, the history of tribes, the great heroism of their heroes. The basis of oral folk literature is heroic epics. Epics, a great monument of folk art, express the unparalleled courage of the great heroes of their people through monumental images. The heroes of the epic are noble people who carry the ideas of the people about truth and justice. This treasure of folk art is a great treasure of folk wisdom that has emerged over thousands of years. Among the Uzbek people, epic singers are called "bakhshi", but there are different variants of this term. The article analyzes the ancient roots of the art of bakhshi, examines the stages of development, comparatively studies the views of folklorists.

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