The Iraqi Criminal Policy in Curbing Financial and Administrative Corruption Through Economic Reform

Abstract

The economic growth that has accompanied the comprehensive renaissance of most countries of the world has resulted in several crimes that often hinder it and inhibit its ambition and deny it the advancement and access to the use of development and the resources available for optimal use, which is the task of economic development and its role in building a society of sufficiency and well-being. The crimes of administrative and financial corruption are one of the most important obstacles to economic development. Corruption is a complex phenomenon that includes economic, social, cultural and political dimensions. Consequently, it may have multiple reasons, such as inconsistent laws, social life burden, and the lack of effective monitoring. Consequently, most cases of corruption have repercussions, the most important of which is its negative impact on development, thus transforming its objectives, squandering resources and capabilities, impeding progress, undermining the effectiveness and efficiency of development processes and thus creating a state of anxiety and dissatisfaction.

To maintain integrity and combat corruption, it requires comprehensive reform programs, with strong political support, and a special strategy to identify the problem and remedy its causes. This requires government agencies' cooperation, the participation of society and its institutions, the inculcation and enhancement of ethical principles and values in management and society, and benefiting from international experiences.

This study attempts by adopting modern mechanisms to measure the size of the phenomenon of corruption in government institutions, so in order to address a problem, we must define the problem, and then limit it and measure it to know its size and the extent of its penetration and spread in the specified places, as well as corruption, so we must know what corruption is?

What is the extent of its penetration into the structure of the Iraqi government? Which government facilities are the most corrupt? Since many studies have discussed the concept of corruption, its forms, types and effects, so the researcher found that it is necessary to conduct surveys to determine its size as it happens in developed countries. The means for measuring and determining the extent of corruption are appropriate for the Iraqi environment.

We reached the Integrity Commission's specific competence and found that all the crimes that fall within the jurisdiction of the Integrity Commission are those crimes listed in the Penal Code. Most of them are related to the public office, except that it is noticed that the authority’s jurisdiction does not include moral crimes committed by the employee or the person charged with public service. We recommend the Iraqi legislator include such cases with the Authority of the Authority because most of these crimes lead to harming the public office's reputation and squandering public money.